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OUR THOUGHTS AND PRAYERS ARE WITH THE FAMILIES OF THE AFFECTED WITH THE COVID-19 VIRUS. LET'S MAKE CERTAIN WE KEEP HELPING EACH OTHER. LET'S BE KINDER AND GENTLER TO OUR PLANET.

England (part of United Kingdom)

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General information
Country common name: England

Country official name: England

Continent: Europe

3-Letter abbreviation: ENG

2-Letter abbreviation: UK

Capital: London

Major cities: 9.304 million LONDON (capital), 2.730 million Manchester, 2.607 million Birmingham, 1.889 million West Yorkshire, 1.663 million Glasgow, 928,000 Southampton/Portsmouth

Currency: British pound (click for current conversion rates)

Languages: English

Motto: "God and my right"

National holiday(s): the UK does not celebrate one particular national holiday
Government
Chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the queen, born 14 November 1948)

Head of government: Prime Minister Boris JOHNSON (Conservative) (since 24 July 2019)

Government type: parliamentary constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Country notes & photographs
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Geographic information
Surface area (in km²): 243,610

Highest point: Ben Nevis 1,345 m

Neighboring countries: Ireland 499 km

Neighboring seas and oceans: Atlantic Ocean

Climate: temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast
Radio stations

BBC World Service

London, United Kingdom

KISS 100

London, United Kingdom

Radio City 96.7 FM

Liverpool, United Kingdom

Capital FM Manchester

Manchester, United Kingdom
Population
Population: 65,761,117

Population density (inhabitants per km²): 269.9

Average age (in years): 40.6

Life expectancy at birth (in years): 81.1

Ethnicity: white 87.2%, black/African/Caribbean/black British 3%, Asian/Asian British

Gross domestic product (GDP) per inhabitant (in US dollars): 44,300

Cultural practices: It is considered rude to wave one's hand or to call when summoning a waiter at a restaurant.
Popular food & drinks

{"ops":[{"attributes":{"link":"https://cyberspace23.com/recipe-display.php?id=24"},"insert":"Caesar's Salad"},{"insert":"\n"}]}

{"ops":[{"attributes":{"link":"https://cyberspace23.com/recipe-display.php?id=9"},"insert":"Grilled Lamb Chops Topped with Warm Cherry Sauce"},{"insert":"\n"}]}
Postage stamps
Telephone & Internet communication
Country international telephone code: +44

Local emergency telephone number(s): 112, 999

Internet code: .uk

Number of Internet users: 65,324,454

Percentage of Internet-connected population: 99.3%
Also useful to know
Vaccinations: For recommendations please refer to the World Health Organization (WHO), or the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) websites.

Potable/drinkable water: Yes

International driving permit: Suggested

Road driving side: Left

Electricity/Voltage/Plug type(s): 230 V / 50 Hz / plug type(s): G

Many of the timber-framed buildings in York have been restored and converted to restaurants, shops, or boutiques.
Ruins of St. Mary's Abbey in the garden adjoining the Yorkshire Museum in York. The former Benedictine abbey was the richest in northern England; it was destroyed on orders of Henry VIII during the "Dissolution of the Monasteries" in the 16th century.
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Ruins in the Museum Gardens adjacent to the Yorkshire Museum in York.
{"ops":[{"attributes":{"bold":true},"insert":"Stonehenge"},{"insert":" is an enigmatic prehistoric monument in Wiltshire. Archaeologists believe it was constructed from 3,000 BC to 2,000 BC.\n"}]}
Promenade along the River Ouse in York. Lendal Bridge appears in the background.
The Merchant Adventurers' Hall was one of the most important buildings in medieval York. The majority of the structure was built in 1357; its Great Hall was where merchants gathered to conduct business and socialize, while its Undercroft served as a hospital and almshouse for the poor. The Merchant Adventurers today no longer conduct mercantile activities but are a charitable group. The Hall is the largest timber-framed building in the UK still standing and used for its original purpose.
The ruined keep of the medieval Norman castle in York is referred to as Clifford's Tower.
Much of York's ancient walls still survive; they are punctuated by four main gatehouses (referred to as "bars"). Bootham Bar has some of the oldest surviving stonework - dating to the 11th century A.D. It was built almost exactly on the site of the northwestern gate of Eboracum, the Roman settlement that evolved into York. This view, taken from Exhibition Square, shows York Minster, the city's famous cathedral, in the background.
Substantial portions of York's city walls have been preserved. Although the Romans first constructed walls around the city (which they called Eboracum), most of the current walls date to medieval (12th-14th century) times.
Layers showing the build up of York's defenses through the ages.
A view of the towers on the western front of York Minster. Construction on this Gothic cathedral, one of the largest in northern Europe, began in 1220; it was not completed until 1472.
A closer view of the front facade of York Minster, whose formal title is "The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of St. Peter in York."
Time, weather, and pollution have all taken their toll on the carvings decorating the exterior of York Minster. Sections of the cathedral continue to undergo restoration. Replacement stonework is fashioned in a special stoneyard next to the cathedral.
Some of York Minster's decorative roof finials show severe weathering, as well as areas where restoration has taken place.
A view across some of the York Minster roofs.
A close up of one of the York Minster entrances highlighting some of the replacement carvings installed as part of the restoration effort.
A portion of the choir screen in York Minster shows carvings of many of England's early kings.
Statue of Roman Emperor Constantine at the south transept of York Minster. This is near the spot where Constantine was proclaimed Augustus (i.e., co-emperor) in 306 A.D. by his troops. Following a six-year civil war, Constantine became sole emperor and allowed religious freedom throughout the empire. His Edict proved a turning point for the spread of the Christian Church.
St. William's College, adjacent to York Minster, serves as a convention and meeting center for the cathedral.
The Theatre Royal in York dates dates back to 1744; it sits on the site of the medieval St. Leonard's Hospital. Parts of the old hospital can still be seen in the archways and walls. Under the stage is a well that is believed to date back to the Roman era in York's history.
The Shambles, formerly an open-air meat market in York, is now a popular tourist destination lined with picturesque shops.
Wildflowers growing atop a wall in York.
Street scene in Portsmouth, England.

Initial character set is: utf8mb4